Well, let me qualify this by saying I honestly don't know anything about classification of tv shows, in particular, so anything I say I am saying about storytelling in art in general.
I'm not sure if there's anything particularly post-modernist about self-referential humour; some degree of that has been present in stage since time immemorial.
I could say the same thing about ambiguity, and this is especially true of oriental theatre. I would agree that Noir is modernist in terms of Western theatre (both Noir and Madlax have liberal surrelistic and symbolistic elements) but in terms of Japanese art, where anything "conceptual" is
traditional and realism is relatively
modern, I think it has to be said that Noir in particular is closer to the roots of Japanese visual storytelling than many an anime.
And if there was anything I could relate Bee Train anime (GwG in particular) to in Western art, it is ancient Greek theatre. Such themes as:
- The nature of sin
- The domination (perceived or actual) of fate
- Murder of family members (and/or loved ones) creating personal catharsis (Margaret/Madlax, Mireille, Orestes, Oedipus)
- Hero/Heroine struggling to find identity/purpose in circumstances which are difficult or impossible to control (Limelda, Kirika, Iphegenia, Elektra)
- Hero/Heroine struggling to overcome a predominant, tragic personal experience (Kirika, Margaret, Orestes)
- Characters often 'represent' opposing and complimentary facets of the human being (Madlax/Margaret, Mirelle/Kirika, Orestes/Pylades, Menelaus/Agamemnon, etc)
I could probably go on, but that's what springs to mind...
admittedly, I tend to see Greek themes everywhere because of my love of Greek theatre 